WEBJul 1, 1990 · Mechanism of hydrogen transfer and role of solvent during heatingup stage of direct coal liquefaction. Fuel Processing ... Kinetics and activation energy of solvent swelling of coal altered by an ultrasoniionenhanced process. Korean Journal ... Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion. .
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WEBAug 1, 2022 · The conversion routes of biomass are mainly summarized in Fig. biochemical conversion has been widely used for the production of biogas and ethanol fuel [18, 19], our article focuses on the thermochemical conversion routes in particular pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction and gasifiion as these processes .
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WEBFeb 1, 2000 · Maximum conversion (98%) and maximum oil + gas yield (70%) from this coal were obtained by impregnating AHM onto coal and carrying out liquefaction in H2/tetralin system at 450 °C for 30 min.
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WEBNov 21, 2000 · The float–sink density separation method was used to produce a < g cm−3 coal density fraction. The sample was subjected to tetralin liquefaction experiments and pyrolysed to produce char ...
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WEBSep 1, 2011 · However, there is hardly any technoeconomic study of the DCL technology conducted by using rigorous process and economic models especially while considering CO 2 capture, biomass coprocessing ...
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WEBJan 12, 1998 · A previous paper has shown that direct coal liquefaction in the absence of a alyst consists of two distinct stages which are readily distinguishable with an appropriate short contact time liquefaction reactor and thermogravimetric analysis. The first stage, an extraction of liquefaction solventsoluble material in the coal, is very .
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WEBNov 1, 2017 · Coliquefaction technology of coal and biomass waste in preparation of oil has gained rapid increase in research interest [5]. Previous studies suggested a few benefits of the process. Firstly, the process can make use of hydrogen in biomass completely and thus reducing the hydrogen consumption and moderating the conditions .
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WEBJan 15, 2021 · Hydrothermal liquefaction is one of the most promising technologies to convert high moisture biomass into biofuels. However, understanding the liquefaction mechanism of different biomass fractions is still a challenge. The liquefaction of both lignin and cellulose is frequently studied, but the high diversity of biomass and processes .
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WEBFeb 5, 2014 · Abstract. The frontend design of a direct coal liquefaction process for the conversion of lignite into coal liquids by solvent extraction was investigated. The experimental work focused on ...
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WEBDec 1, 2014 · The environmental footprint of coal liquefaction processes can usually be reduced by coprocessing coal and biomass and applying CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) technology but at the cost of higher ...
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WEBHydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a thermal depolymerization process used to convert wet biomass, and other macromolecules, into crudelike oil under moderate temperature and high pressure. The crudelike oil has high energy density with a lower heating value of MJ/kg and 520 wt% oxygen and renewable chemicals. The process has also .
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WEBDue to insecurity in the crude oil supply and global warming, various alternative technologies for fuel production are being investigated. In this project, indirect, direct, and hybrid liquefaction routes are investigated for production of transportation fuels from coal and biomass. Indirect coal liquefaction (ICL) and direct coal liquefaction (DCL) .
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WEBAug 19, 2020 · The main objective of this paper is to carry out a techno‐economic evaluation for the direct coal liquefaction (DCL) process based on the two primary conversion options under consideration: (a) alytic coal liquefaction (CCL) – the use of non‐donor solvents with added hydrogen pressure and (b) thermal coal liquefaction .
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WEBAdvances in Clean Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing || Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion. Elsevier, pages 105154, 2011 ... (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion Author. Burgess Clifford, C. Publisher. Elsevier Edition/series info. pages 105154, 2011 Year. 2011 .
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WEBAug 11, 2021 · Hydrothermal liquefaction is one of the common thermochemical conversion methods adapted to convert highwater content biomass feedstocks to biofuels and many other valuable industrial chemicals. The hydrothermal process is broadly classified into carbonization, liquefaction, and gasifiion with hydrothermal .
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WEBAug 1, 1984 · The use of highcarbonbased feeds to produce alternative fuels and valueadded chemicals is discussed. Basic conversion chemistry, chemical structures of coal and lignin biomass are discussed, followed by process technologies for direct liquefaction, liquid quality, process control and modeling, advantages and limitations, .
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WEBThis book addresses a key innovative technology for decarbonization of the energy system: hydrothermal processing. It basically consists of treating biomass and wastes in a wet form, under pressure and temperature condition. This approach is becoming more and more attractive, as new feedstock and appliions are appearing on the scene of .
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WEBMar 4, 2005 · As the cost of production is a key determinant of longterm viability, developing methods that reduce the cost of direct coal liquefaction has posed a challenge to scientists and industrial organizations worldwide. This paper summarizes recent developments in technology and processes and explores the overall economic .
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WEBFeb 1, 2024 · It is well recognized that the high DCL reactivity of vitrinite of lowrank coals is ascribed to its structure characteristics. In specific, the aromatic units in these vitrinite are small, with 1–3 condensed rings, while the bridges and the side chains are generally composed of 1–4 carbon (C) and oxygen (O) atoms [11], [12]. Fig. 1 (a) is the structure .
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WEBHTL, also called hydrothermal upgrading, hydrothermal processing, and direct liquefaction (Xiu and Shahbazi 2012), is a thermochemical process that allows the conversion of biomass to liquids, generally carried out in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of a solvent, most of the times water. The fact that water is both solvent and ...
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WEBMay 21, 1996 · The cyclohexane conversion of coal was also alyzed. ... Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion. 2011,,, 105154. DOI: / ... A new process for alytic liquefaction of coal using dispersed MoS 2 alyst generated in situ with added H 2 O. .
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WEBOct 1, 2021 · The operating cost of the liquefaction process is reported to be similar to fast pyrolysis. However, it requires a higher capital investment due to the difference in biomass conversion and liquefaction pressures. Biomass liquefaction costs range between /gal based on the technology level (Brown, 2019).
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WEBIndirect liquefaction processes require first gasifying the solid feedstocks into a syngas. Therefore, while direct coal liquefaction (DCL) takes coal directly into a liquid phase, indirect coal liquefaction (ICL) consists of two major steps: (a) gasifiion to produce a synthesis gas (syngas); and (b) conversion of the carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen .
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WEBThis better knowledge of coal should make a significant longterm contribution to advanced coal conversion technology. Download Free PDF View ... Indirect liquefaction process coal is liquefied through the Fischer– Tropsch (FTS) process. ... Power 148:42–50 Vamvuka D, Zografos D, Alevizos G (2008) Control methods for mitigating biomass ash ...
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WEBNov 1, 2011 · Some researchers have reported that coliquefaction of biomass and coal under mild condition (about 350°C) has higher conversion and oil yield than those that would be predicted based on a simple ...
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WEBSep 21, 2020 · Algae biomass has recently attracted the attention of the green energy industry as a raw material for biofuels production. Their highwater content has led to the choice of hydrothermal liquefaction as a suitable way to convert them into biooil. From algae species to biooil as fuel, many steps are required, including the selection of algae .
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WEBJan 23, 2015 · Coal liquefaction, currently termed coal to liquids (CTL) [], is a chemical process for producing synthetic transportation fuels from coal to replace or supplement conventional supplies of diesel oil and gasoline derived largely from petroleum [].Technologically, there are two primary routes for CTL production—direct coal .
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WEBIn addition to a general introduction on the mechanisms and processes of DCL, this paper overviews some recent advances in DCL technology with respect to the influencing factors for DCL reactions (temperature, solvent, pressure, atmospheres, etc.), the effects of coal pretreatments for DCL (swelling, thermal treatment, hydrothermal treatment ...
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